Computer-assisted language learning (
CALL) is succinctly
defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and
study of applications of the computer in language teaching and
learning".
CALL embraces a wide range of information and technology
applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages,
from the "traditional" drill-and-practice programs that characterised
CALL in the 1960s and 1970s to more recent manifestations of CALL, e.g.
as used in a virtual learning experience and Web-based distance learning.
|
Source: http://misterpeters.pbworks.com/f/1295119589/New%20Picture%20%282%29.jpg |
The term
CALI (computer-assisted language instruction) was in use before
CALL, reflecting its origins as a subset of the general term CAI
(computer-assisted instruction). CALI fell out of favour among language
teachers, however, as it appeared to imply a teacher-centred approach
(instructional), whereas language teachers are more inclined to prefer a
student-centred approach, focusing on learning rather than instruction.
CALL dates back to the 1960s, when it was first introduced on
university mainframe computers. The PLATO project, initiated at the
University of Illinois in 1960, is an important landmark in the early
development of CALL. The advent of the microcomputer in the late 1970s brought computing
within the range of a wider audience, resulting in a boom in the
development of CALL programs and a flurry of publications of books on
CALL in the early 1980s.
Dozens of CALL programs are currently available on the internet, at prices ranging from free to expensive,
and other programs are available only through university language courses.
In short, this is the complete history of CALL shaped in a form of timeline. This timeline is created by timeline website creator
www.tiki-toki.com.
Source:
http://www.tiki-toki.com/timeline/entry/539105/History-of-CALL/
buagus sumpah
ReplyDeleteYa, saya setuja sekali. Bagus
ReplyDeleteisok ae ngedekno ati
ReplyDelete